QuoteWhile the connector is standardized, the underlying protocols and power profiles are not.
This is not true. Power delivery is by itself a standard. Smartphones have more charging standards (QC, Vooc, etc.) but laptops only use PD.
I have not seen a laptop with a PD at 240W. Anything that needs more than 140W uses a barrel connector. It is likely due to the need to drop the higher voltage of anything > 100W to the mostly standardized 20V. A barrel connector can just push more AMPs at the more common 20V.